09/01/2026
These are legal carve-outs, not permissions. Each point applies only with documentary proof. If records fail, the land remains non-developable state CLU does not override central law.
Forest / Forest-Like Land (FCA 1980 | Godavarman)
Applies only if land legally qualifies as forest. Pre-1980 non-forest use, plantations without natural forest traits, or land failing the “dictionary forest” test may fall outside restrictions. Linear infrastructure requires MoEFCC clearance.
Eco-Sensitive Zones (ESZ) (MoEFCC | SC Apr 2023)
Restrictions apply only where ESZ is notified. No notification = state planning laws. Existing villages are exempt. Inter-state borders may be undefined. Infrastructure needs MoEFCC approval.
Lakes / Water Bodies (URDPFI 2014 | NGT)
Buffers apply only to revenue-recorded water bodies. Seasonal depressions and artificial tanks differ. Small ponds follow state norms. Buffers allow green uses only.
Flood Plains / HFL (RCUP 2020)
Based on official flood mapping. Wrong HFL can be corrected. Outside active flood plain = fewer limits. NDCZ allows parks/open spaces. Legacy approvals assessed separately.
Aravalli / PLPA (PLPA 1900 | SC rulings)
Only actively notified PLPA land or forest-like parcels are restricted. Pre-litigation CLUs, reclaimed mines, and strategic projects need central approval.
Infrastructure Buffers (CEA | PNGRB | Railway Act)
Underground utilities, temporary structures, approved crossings allowed. Re-aligned corridors cancel old buffers.
Wetlands (Wetlands Rules 2017)
Applies only after notification. Non-notified land not barred. Only conservation uses allowed. Govt restoration permitted.
Investor Rule:
Check notifications and records, not broker claims. If MoEFCC is involved, risk and timelines multiply.
“Never buy land in these areas”
“Don’t buy Land”