04/08/2021
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Here are four of the most beautiful jewels in Chandra's virtual chest. In the first photo you can admire the Eta Carinae binary system: they are two massive stars that orbit each other. Probably soon, soon for astronomical times, we will be able to admire a supernova in this area of โโthe celestial vault. The image was composed of Hubble optical data, which appear in white, ultraviolet in blue (also from Hubble) and X-ray from Chandra in purple color. Previous stellar eruptions have generated a ring of gas that spans 2.3 light years in diameter, emitting X-rays.
The second photo is commonly called "God's eye", but it would be more correct to call it the Helix Nebula. This is at the same time a look into the past (like all the images that come to us from so far) but also into the future. In the future because that's what our Sun expects in about 5 billion years when it has run out of all its fuel and transformed into a red giant. It is a planetary nebula formed by a dying star similar to our Sun, located in the constellation of Aquarius about 650 light years from us. What we see is, however, at the same time, a look into the past, we can only see how this system was 650 years ago, precisely because of the "slowness" of light ๐.
The third photo is of the ESO 350-40, also known as the Cartwheel Galaxy. It is the result of the union of a lenticular galaxy and a ring galaxy. It is very particular in its shape, it almost looks like a jewel. Its position is half a billion light years from the earth and its diameter is close to 150,000 light years. This is also a composite image: the purple refers to the X-ray source as seen by Chandra, the optical data are from Hubble and are visible in red, green and blue.
The fourth and last image for this episode refers to the "Cigar Galaxy" or more technically called, M82. The galactic disc is visible cut from our position. It is a galaxy in the area of โโthe Ursa Major constellation and is about 12 million light years from Earth. This type of galaxy is called "Starburst" with the violent formation of young stars and with equally violent supernova explosions. In the photo, the X-rays, from Chandra, appear in blue and pink coloring; show expulsions of gas about 20,000 light years long, the result of supernovae. For the optical component, the photo relies on the Hubble Space Telescope and shows the galaxy in orange and red.
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