11/05/2026
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๐๐ ๐ฌ๐ข๐จ ๐๐๐ ๐ช๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ก ๐จ๐ก๐ฃ๐๐๐ ๐๐ข๐จ๐ฆ๐๐ก๐ ๐๐ข๐๐ก, ๐ง๐๐๐ฆ ๐๐ฆ ๐ช๐๐๐ง ๐๐๐ฃ๐ฃ๐๐ก๐ฆ.
๐ ๐ง๐ต๐ฒ ๐๐ฎ๐ฟ๐ฑ ๐ง๐ฟ๐๐๐ต
Under Philippine law, a mortgage is ๐ฏ๐ฐ๐ต extinguished by the death of the borrower. The loan obligation passes on to the deceased person's estate โ that means all their remaining assets and liabilities are pooled together and settled before anything is inherited.
Articles 774 and 776 of the Civil Code of the Philippines are clear: the inheritance includes all the property, rights, ๐ข๐ฏ๐ฅ obligations of a person that are not extinguished by death. Utang is included.
โ๏ธ ๐ช๐ต๐ฎ๐ ๐๐ฎ๐ฝ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ป๐ ๐๐ผ ๐๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฃ๐ฟ๐ผ๐ฝ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐๐?
The heirs generally have two paths:
Pay off or continue servicing the mortgage โ either from the estate's assets or by assuming the loan (subject to the bank's approval).
If they can't pay, the bank or lender can foreclose on the property. If the foreclosure sale price exceeds the debt, the surplus goes to the estate. If it falls short, the estate may still be liable for the deficiency depending on the remedy the creditor chose.
๐ก ๐๐ฒ๐ ๐ฃ๐ฟ๐ผ๐๐ฒ๐ฐ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป ๐ณ๐ผ๐ฟ ๐๐ฒ๐ถ๐ฟ๐
Here's something a lot of people don't know: under Article 1311 of the Civil Code, heirs are ๐ฏ๐ฐ๐ต personally liable beyond the value of the property they received from the deceased. So if the debts exceed the estate's total value, the heirs' own personal assets are protected. They don't shoulder the excess.
๐ก๏ธ ๐ง๐ต๐ฒ ๐ฆ๐ฎ๐ณ๐ฒ๐๐ ๐ก๐ฒ๐: ๐ ๐ผ๐ฟ๐๐ด๐ฎ๐ด๐ฒ ๐ฅ๐ฒ๐ฑ๐ฒ๐บ๐ฝ๐๐ถ๐ผ๐ป ๐๐ป๐๐๐ฟ๐ฎ๐ป๐ฐ๐ฒ (๐ ๐ฅ๐)
This is where things get better. MRI is a type of life insurance that pays off the remaining mortgage balance if the borrower dies. MRI is now mandatory when applying for a housing loan in the Philippines โ whether through a bank or Pag-IBIG.
If the deceased borrower had an active MRI, the insurance pays the lender directly, and the loan is considered fully paid. The heirs inherit the property ๐ง๐ณ๐ฆ๐ฆ ๐ฐ๐ง ๐ต๐ฉ๐ฆ ๐ฎ๐ฐ๐ณ๐ต๐จ๐ข๐จ๐ฆ.
That said, MRI coverage depends on the policy. A lower premium means less coverage, so it won't always wipe out the full balance. It's worth checking your policy's terms.
โ
๐ช๐ต๐ฎ๐ ๐ฌ๐ผ๐ ๐ฆ๐ต๐ผ๐๐น๐ฑ ๐๐ผ ๐ก๐ผ๐
โ Check if you or your loved one has an active MRI tied to your housing loan.
โ If you're an heir, notify the bank immediately and discuss your options โ restructuring, assumption, or settlement.
โ Consult a lawyer for estate settlement, especially for larger or disputed estates.
The best time to prepare for this is ๐ฃ๐ฆ๐ง๐ฐ๐ณ๐ฆ it happens. Know your policy. Know your rights.
๐ ๐ฅ๐ฒ๐ณ๐ฒ๐ฟ๐ฒ๐ป๐ฐ๐ฒ๐
โข Civil Code of the Philippines (R.A. No. 386), Articles 774, 776, 781, and 1311
โข Rules of Court, Rule 86, Section 7 (Mortgage debt due from estate)
โข PNB v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 121597
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