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23/05/2023

Europe's space mission to uncover the secrets of the "dark Universe" has reached a key milestone.

The test model of the Euclid telescope has just emerged from a chamber where it was subjected to the kind of conditions experienced in orbit.

It was a critical moment for engineers because the successful trial confirms the observatory's design is on track.

Euclid, due for launch in 2022, will map the cosmos for clues to the nature of dark matter and dark energy.

These phenomena appear to control the shape and expansion of the Universe but virtually nothing is known about them.

18/05/2023

The scientists measured seasonal changes in gases that fill the air directly above the surface of Gale Crater on Mars, where Curiosity landed. They have published their findings in the journal JGR-Planets.

The Martian atmosphere is overwhelmingly composed of carbon dioxide (CO2), with smaller amounts of other gases such as molecular nitrogen (N2), argon (Ar), molecular oxygen (O2) and methane (CH4).

Curiosity rover senses methane spike
So where did the Mars methane go?
Can this box answer the biggest question on Mars?
Agencies aim to bring back rocks from Mars

11/05/2023

"This free visualisation will be on a grid averaging 2km by 2km over land all around the world. That pretty much will be the state of the art when it comes to the visualisation of methane," said GHGSat President and CEO, Stephane Germain.

"Certainly, it will be complementary to what existing systems are doing, such as the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF); and the European Space Agency (Esa) with its Tropomi satellite, of course.

"They're doing things on a larger scale globally, and they're in the forecasting business as well. We're not going to try to do that; we are simply going to be looking at concentrations on a rolling basis on a 2km grid-scale."

In time, a visualisation of carbon dioxide concentrations will be added as well.

04/05/2023

A new pride of lions is set to find a permanent home at a zoo which has been hosting visiting animals for more than a year.

North African lionesses Waka and Winta will arrive at Whipsnade Zoo from Antwerp after Khari the North African lion heads back to Blackpool Zoo.

The pair will later be joined by male lion Malik from Neuwied Zoo in Germany.

A zoo spokesman said the new pride was "part of a collaborative breeding programme for the species".

The Bedfordshire zoo's lion habitat has not had a permanent pride since early 2022 after keepers had to put its remaining two lions to sleep.

28/04/2023

It's called the "Hubble Ultra Deep Field" and was created when Hubble stared at a small patch of sky for the equivalent of more than 11 days to see some of the most distant galaxies ever observed.

To make the visualisation, the team cut-out 5,333 galaxies from Hubble's image and then extrapolated the distance of each galaxy (using "redshift" measurements) and carefully placed them one-by-one into a virtual 3D space.

The distance scale was compressed by a factor of a few hundred to make the fly-through feasible. But apart from this, it's an authentic 3D representation of Hubble's image.

25/04/2023

"The orbit of the smaller black hole precesses. That's why the times of the impacts vary," explained Prof Mauri Valtonen from the University of Turku, Finland. "Already back in 1996, we had a model that predicted more or less what would happen. But we've just got more and more accurate," he told BBC News.

One of the updated model's important parameters is the energy radiating away from the system in the form of gravitational waves. These ripples in the fabric of space-time - described by Einstein's theory of general relativity - are generated by accelerating bodies; and in the super-massive circumstances of OJ 287, they have a significant influence on the way the system operates.

The big test of the latest model came on 31 July last year when the appearance of the most recent flaring was identified to within 2.5 hours of what the equations had anticipated.

19/04/2023

Get out there and look up!

Mars is at its biggest and brightest right now as the Red Planet lines up with Earth on the same side of the Sun.

Every 26 months, the pair take up this arrangement, moving close together, before then diverging again on their separate orbits around our star.

Tuesday night sees the actual moment of what astronomers call "opposition".

All three bodies will be in a straight line at 23:20 GMT (00:20 BST).

"But you don't have to wait until the middle of the night; even now, at nine or 10 o'clock in the evening, you'll easily see it over in the southeast," says astrophotographer, Damian Peach. "You can't miss it, it's the brightest star-like object in that part of the sky," he told BBC News.

12/04/2023

The first large sample of rock and soil from an asteroid is making its way back to Earth.

A capsule containing the material was released by Japan's Hayabusa-2 spacecraft on Saturday morning (GMT), as it approached our planet.

The sample container should deploy parachutes and land in the Australian outback this evening.

Hayabusa-2 grabbed the cosmic treasure trove from Ryugu, one of the primitive building blocks of our Solar System.

These objects are relics from billions of years ago, when the Earth was still forming. But they continued to roam, never becoming incorporated into planets.

04/04/2023

Nasa's Perseverance rover has extended its Martian playlist.

After sending back sounds of the wind and the zaps of its laser, the robot has just recorded the noise coming from its metal wheels as they clank across the planet's rocky surface.

"If I heard these sounds driving my car, I'd pull over and call for a tow," joked Dave Gruel, a lead engineer working the rover's cameras and microphones.

Perseverance has two recording devices.

30/03/2023

From Perseverance's observations, it's now certain that where the river system met the lake water, the flows suddenly slowed and the sediment in suspension fell out to form a delta - the kind of wedge-shaped "landform" you'll see all over the Earth.

It's in such an environment that micro-organisms could have thrived and their chemical traces been preserved.

25/03/2023

Wednesday's test proceeded much like the previous prototype flights.

The uncrewed SN15 left its launch mount at the Boca Chica facility, and rose vertically on the thrust of three methane-burning Raptor engines.

These power units shut down in sequence as the target height of roughly 10km (6.2 miles) was approached, with the vehicle then leaning over into the horizontal for the drop to the ground.

20/03/2023

Then there's another factor: what exactly do we mean by a Mars mission? In 1988, the Soviet Union launched two probes with the primary objectives of studying Mars's two moons, Phobos and Deimos (though it was also intended that they would carry out observations of the planet).

After a command error caused Phobos-1 to fail en route to Mars, then, a few months later, Phobos-2 was lost.

Should these two probes - along with 2011's similarly ill-fated Phobos-Grunt launch - be considered solely as missions to the moons, or should they be included on the Mars list as well? You decide.

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