Growing tobacco as a business: pros and cons

Growing tobacco as a business: pros and cons The present chapter provides an updated and extended review of the evidence on the impact of the to***co companies’ marketing activities on to***co use

The chapter reviews the impact of smoking on a developing country whose economy heavily depends on growing to***co. Othe...
11/11/2021

The chapter reviews the impact of smoking on a developing country whose economy heavily depends on growing to***co. Other than the pollution of the air caused by to***co smoke, large areas of forestry land is destroyed, and huge losses are incurred due to perennial veldt fires. These would damage properties, flora, and fauna, and in some cases human life is lost. Public health bill is increasing annually to carter for smoking-related cancer which has become the major killer disease ahead of HIV/AIDS in the country. The levying of excise duty on cigarette sales to control to***co smoking is not deterrent enough. There has been a marked increase in smoking by the youth of school-going age, and this risk behavior has been attributed to excessive exposure to intense advertising by the to***co industry. Weak legal framework has not done enough to enforce to***co smoking control, prohibition of public smoking, and sale of to***co to the under-aged individuals. It was established that the common view that the thriving to***co industry is responsible for key economic exports does not promote initiatives to reduce cigarette smoking.

Findings Likely strengths of the sinking lid strategy include: (1) that it can provide a clear timetable and an unambigu...
11/11/2021

Findings Likely strengths of the sinking lid strategy include: (1) that it can provide a clear timetable and an unambiguous signal of a to***co end-date; (2) that supply reduction is likely to increase product price levels, and there is very strong evidence that increasing price is a highly effective to***co control intervention. Its feasibility is also supported by the growing international experience with, and political acceptability of, using quota and auction systems in other domains (eg, greenhouse gases, other air pollutants and for fisheries). However, the main disadvantages of this strategy are probably the need for strong political will and high public support (to pass a new law), potential legal challenges by industry (eg, under trade agreements), and vulnerability to problems from illegal supplies of to***co and from corruption.

The to***co industry is known as one of the most controversial industries around the globe. The conflicting two viewpoi...
07/11/2021

The to***co industry is known as one of the most controversial industries around the globe. The conflicting two viewpoints that raise challenges for the industry are between the people involved in the industry and those affected by it. Large producers and manufacturers of to***co products argue that the production plays a vital role in the world economy contributing billions of dollars each year in tax dollars. On the opposing side is the health argument stating that over half of to***co smokers die of to***co related illnesses around the globe. As an ever growing global industry it has become more prevalent as well as scrutinized over the past one hundred years. To***co is one of the most widely used addictive substances in the world and can grow in “any warm, moist environment, which means it can be farmed on all continents except for Antarctica”. The plant itself is native to the Americas and historically one of the half-dozen most important crops grown by American farmers

The present chapter provides an updated and extended review of the evidence on the impact of the to***co companies’ mark...
07/11/2021

The present chapter provides an updated and extended review of the evidence on the impact of the to***co companies’ marketing activities on to***co use. The chapter begins by reviewing trends in marketing expenditures made by the to***co companies and changes in the focus of these expenditures over time. This review then presents a conceptual framework that relates advertising and promotion by to***co companies to to***co use among young people. The section on the framework is followed by a review of the evidence on the effects of advertising and promotion on to***co use among young people, drawing from and updating existing comprehensive reviews. Next is a discussion of the role of marketing techniques that have been given relatively little attention in most previous reviews: pricing strategies, packaging and design, marketing at the point of sale, and emerging digital marketing techniques. This is followed by a section that describes programs sponsored by to***co companies with the stated purpose of preventing to***co use among young people and the evidence of their impact on this population. Following this section is a review of the impact of exposure to to***co use in the movies. The chapter closes with major conclusions about the role of marketing by the to***co companies and depictions of smoking in movies influencing to***co use among young people.

To***co companies have long argued that their marketing efforts do not increase the overall demand for to***co products ...
07/11/2021

To***co companies have long argued that their marketing efforts do not increase the overall demand for to***co products and have no impact on the initiation of to***co use among young people; rather, they argue, they are competing with other companies for market share. In contrast, the weight of the evidence from extensive and increasingly sophisticated research conducted over the past few decades shows that the industry’s marketing activities have been a key factor in leading young people to take up to***co, keeping some users from quitting, and achieving greater consumption among users (National Cancer Institute [NCI] 2008). This growing evidence has helped to spur a variety of policy interventions aimed at reducing the influence of marketing on to***co initiation and consumption by the to***co companies, from the 1971 ban on broadcast advertising to the constraints contained in the 1998 Master Settlement Agreement (National Association of Attorneys General [NAAG] 1998a) and Smokeless To***co Master Settlement Agreement (NAAG 1998b).

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