08/24/2026
The U.S. holds $40.7 trillion in government debt, more than China, Japan, the UK, and France combined. At 126% of GDP, it ranks 9th globally in debt burden relative to its economy.
Japan leads debt-to-GDP at 204%. Italy sits at 138%, Greece at 137%, and France at 118%.
The U.S. benefits from issuing the world's reserve currency, which keeps demand for Treasury bonds high. That privilege is real but it is not unlimited.
At 126% of GDP and growing, the interest payments on this debt increasingly crowd out federal spending on infrastructure, housing programs, and everything else that supports local economies. That is the macro backdrop for every real estate and business decision being made right now. Higher structural debt means higher baseline interest rates, which means mortgage rates and SBA loan rates are not coming back to where they were. Buyers and sellers in Atlanta and Chattanooga who accept this as the new normal and underwrite deals accordingly are the ones closing while everyone else waits for a rate environment that the national balance sheet cannot support.
The debt is not going down. Your strategy needs to account for that.