11/20/2018
Here’s the simple fact: a better credit rating will make you a better risk for a bank to grant you a mortgage. If you have excellent credit, you’ll get a better interest rate on your mortgage. If you have okay credit, you will get a meh rate. If you have bad credit, you might not get a loan at all. But what if you have no credit? Well, that’s a problem, too, unless you have enough cash to purchase a property outright.
Like so many of the current banking rules and regulations, we have to look back to the mid-2000s. Before the crash, banks would loan money to anyone with a pulse. But after the crash, both federal regulations and bank policies changed to prevent that kind of mishegas. Typically, banks now require three lines of credit as proof that someone is worthy of a mortgage. Credit-cards, student loans, car loans, etc., all “count” as lines of credit. These lines of credit create a history of payments: it’s not your debt that gives you good credit, it’s the history of paying it back on time.
So what’s a person to do if they don’t have three lines of credit? What if you got a scholarship, knew (wisely) that credit-card debt can be a trap so you didn’t sign up for that credit card at the table outside the student union your freshman year, and live in a city where you don’t need a car? And now you’re over 30 and still only have that one credit card for emergencies?
There are a couple of things. First, some banks will grant an exception if you can illustrate certain things to bolster your application: if you have been in your job for a long time, and get consistent raises, and can prove that history; if you have a record of on-time utility bills (Really! Some banks consider this!); if you have a significant amount in savings, and can pay more than the 20% down for a traditional loan. All of these decrease your “risk” in the eyes of the bank, and some are more flexible than others in terms of what counts. (Another option is an FHA loan, but we don’t find those a lot in the NYC market, for reasons best left to later.)
Realistically, though, the best way to build good credit is slowly, over time. If you think you might want to buy a property in a few years, look at your current lines of credit. Make sure you are creating the right kind of history: purchase, and pay back.
Next week, credit part two: Pay Down That Debt! (Or, how to un-f**k your credit score, from someone who did.)