24/07/2026
The Big Hole in Kimberley, South Africa, is one of the world's most iconic diamond mines and stands as a remarkable testament to human determination and engineering.
Following the discovery of diamonds in 1871, thousands of prospectors flocked to Kimberley in search of fortune. During the early years of the diamond rush, the mine was excavated almost entirely by hand using picks, shovels, and other basic tools.
Over more than 40 years of mining, workers removed an estimated 22 million tons of earth and recovered approximately 14.5 million carats of diamonds. The excavation eventually formed a pit measuring about 463 metres across and more than 200 metres deep, making it one of the largest hand-excavated holes ever created.
The mine transformed Kimberley into the heart of the global diamond industry and played a pivotal role in the establishment of De Beers, the company that would later dominate much of the world's diamond trade. It also drew workers from across southern Africa, profoundly shaping the region's economy, infrastructure, and society.
Today, the Big Hole is no longer an active mine. Rainwater has partially filled the base of the excavation, creating a striking turquoise lake that has become one of Kimberley's most popular tourist attractions. Together with the surrounding museum and historic mining town, the site offers visitors a fascinating glimpse into South Africa's diamond heritage and the extraordinary story behind one of history's greatest mining discoveries.
